shami :

Geographical distribution:

It is usually a native of Indian subcontinent and found in northern India and Bengal.

ECOLOGICAL ASPECT:

In general, Parmelia have a dark lower side with rhizines (rootlets) which attach the lichen to its substrate. The upper side may be several colours - grey, yellow, brown - and may have reproductive organs on it. These may be apothecia (spore producing bodies), isidia or soralia (both vegetative structures). In between these two layers is the medulla which contains the algalcomponent of the lichen.